福特汽车公司8D分析 DOC-37P
绪 论 欢迎来到8D（8 Disciplines）课程，福特汽车公司使用8D作为问题解决的方法（见QS-9000要求之4.14.1.1）。当福特的供方具有零件或过程的问题时，福特要求供方完成8D过程以确定根本原因并实施纠正措施。
背景： 什么是8D？
D0：为8D过程做准备
D1：成立小组
D2：问题的描述
D3：确定临时纠正措施（ICA）的开发
D4：确定和验证根本原因和遗漏点
D5：确定和验证针对根本原因和遗漏点的永久性纠正措施（PCA）
D6：实施和确认PCA
D7：防止再发生
D8：承认小组及个人的贡献

8D报告示例
Supplier A
8D Concern Analysis Report
CONCERN NO:
0X0000 CONCERN TITLE:
Mislabel 483 CA/AA DATE OPENED:
11/22/00 ASSIGNED TO:
QR Team
(2) Describe Concern:
Parts are labeled as 0X00-7D483-CA (Style C), parts are actually 0X00-7D483-AA (Style A).
Return authorization 0X0011-00
Need to certify next 4 shipments PRODUCT LINE:
0X00 PRODUCT NAME:
Snap ring
(1) Team Members
Mike Paulson, Joan Huber, John DeCarlo, Denise Roxbury, Amy Bloom, Louis Keller, Michelle Fargo, Justine Williams
(3) Define and Verify Containment Actions:
Checked inventory 11/22/00 for mislabeled totes, 4 pallets found, all marked correctly.
Quality Alert issued 11/22/00.
Joan Huber in to Livonia to relabel parts 11/28/00 – no need to return parts. There were 39 totes to relabel.
(4) Define Root Causes:
Shipping department has put several new employees on all shifts, inexperienced packers used incorrect labels.
(If additional analysis is required indicate completion dates) Completion Date:

(5) % Contribution
(each cause)
100%
(6) Implement Corrective Actions:
Conducted meeting with managers and supervisors 11/29/00 to inform them of the issues discussed during the Livonia visit. Materials Manager conducted a meeting 11/30/00 with each shift of packers to retrain them on correct labeling and packaging. They were informed that any further problems with incorrect packaging will result in disciplinary action.
(7) Preventative Actions:
Purchasing paperwork holders that will be hooked on the front of the pallets and tubs for easier identification. Holders to be delivered weeks of 12/12/00.
REPORTED BY:
Joan Huber DATE:
12/12/00 Concurrence:
Supervisor DATE:
(8) Congratulate your team q:\Customer Corrective Action Reports\8D Blank Form.xls
供方的8D报告必须回答下列问题
问题是什么? (D2)
问题如何解决? (D3至D6)
将来该问题如何预防? (D7)
顾客将通过确认8D报告来决定这些问题是否已经回答：
对零件的知识进行了充分论证。
完全确定了根本原因并聚焦于该原因。
• 遗漏点已经被识别。
• 确定与根本相匹配的纠正措施。
纠正措施计划的验证已经被确定。orrection
• 包括了实施纠正措施的时间计划。
• 有证据显示供方将把纠正措施纳入整个系统。
8D的好处
福特汽车公司8D分析 DOC-37P